bisphenol a epoxy resin chemical formula

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Epoxy Composites: Additives for High Performance, Epoxy Resins: A to Z Technical Review of Thermosetting Polymer, Synthesis of Epoxy Monomer from Bisphenol A and Epichlorohydrin, Be the first to comment on "Epoxy Resins: A to Z Technical Review of Thermosetting Polymer", carboxyl-terminated butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer (CTBNs), Powdered metals to improve electrical and thermal conductivity, Silica for cost reduction, and strength enhancement, Talc and calcium carbonate cost reduction, Carbon and graphite powders to increase lubricity, Particle characteristics (size, share, surface area), Extremely strong and good flexural strength, The hardener and the temperature determine epoxy resin cure time, Resistant to wear, cracking, peeling, corrosion and damage from chemical and environmental degradation, Has a bonding strength of up to 2,000 psi, Generally, costs slightly less than epoxy resin, Off-gases VOCs and has strong, flammable fumes, Bonding strength of polyester resin is generally less than 500 psi, Once cured, polyester resin is water permeable, meaning water can pass through it eventually, Better adhesive properties (the ability to bond to the reinforcement or core), Superior mechanical properties (particularly strength and stiffness), Improved resistance to fatigue and micro cracking, Reduced degradation from water ingress (diminution of properties due to water penetration), Increased resistance to osmosis (surface degradation due to water permeability), Natural oil-based (soybean, linseed, castor). This is further confirmed by CLARITY, as the results clearly show that BPA has very little potential to cause health effects, even when people are exposed to it throughout their lives, said Steven G. Hentges, Ph.D., Polycarbonate/BPA Global Group of the American Chemistry Council (ACC). Bisphenol A can leach into food from the protective internal epoxy resin coatings of canned foods and from consumer products such as polycarbonate tableware, food storage containers, water bottles, and baby bottles. The results, released in 2018 by the U.S. National Toxicology Program, were accompanied by a statement from Dr. Stephen Ostroff, Deputy Commissioner for Foods and Veterinary Medicine at the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), saying: our initial review supports our determination that currently authorized uses of BPA continue to be safe for consumers.. Pathways include photo-oxidation, or reactions with minerals such as goethite which may be present in soils and sediments. . 2011 Nov 15;257(1):122-36. i) Doerge DR, Vanlandingham M, Twaddle NC, Delclos KB. It is found in various products including shatterproof windows, eyewear, water bottles, and epoxy resins that coat some metal food cans, bottle tops, and water supply pipes. Bottle producers have largely switched from polycarbonate to polypropylene and there is some evidence that BPA exposure in infants has decreased as a result of this. FDA continues to review the available information and studies on BPA. Based on FDAs ongoing safety review of scientific evidence, the available information continues to support the safety of BPA for the currently approved uses in food containers and packaging. Developmental treatment with bisphenol A or ethinyl estradiol causes few alterations on early preweaning measures. As part of its premarket review of food packaging materials, FDAs food contact regulations and food contact notification program assesses the likely migration from the packaging material to assure that any migration to food occurs at safe levels. [7] As the only by-product is water, it may be considered an industrial example of green chemistry. [98] Despite its short half-life and non-bioaccumulating character, the continuous release of BPA into the environment causes continuous exposure to both plant[104] and animal life. BPA Initiatives - The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and National Toxicology Program (NTP) have developed an integrated, multipronged, consortium-based approach to optimize BPA-focused research investments to more effectively address data gaps and inform decision making. BPA is used to make polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins that are essential to a wide variety of consumer and industrial products, including many applications important to public health and food safety. Chemical Identity. If youve ever read a news article or blog post about chemicals, you may have heard the oft-cited claim that there are 84,000 chemicals in commerce but only 200 of these have been tested for safety. BPA is an industrial chemical used to make a hard, clear plastic known as polycarbonate. The next question is how do you make epoxy resin. As a result, FDA amended its food additive regulations to no longer provide for these uses of BPA. The FDAs National Center for Toxicological Research is continuing with an additional study: Rodent chronic toxicity study, which is currently underway. Polycarbonate plastic is a lightweight, high-performance plastic that possesses a unique balance of toughness, optical clarity, high heat resistance, and excellent electrical resistance. NIEHS intramural scientists have defined descriptive terms of particular relevance to their own research, and have ranked those terms accordingly. In addition, FDA actively supported and participated in the Expert Consultation on BPA convened by World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations on November 2-5, 2010, in Ottawa, Canada. Order: 200 kg Qingdao Cemo Technology Develop Co., Ltd. Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) is a pale yellow liquid epoxy compound formed by the polycondensation of epichlorohydrin (ECH) and bisphenol A (BPA). Polycarbonate plastic also is used to make housings for electronic products such as cell phones and laptops, as well as optical discs such as CDs and DVDs. Based on the effects of metabolism, internal exposures to the active form of BPA following oral administration are predicted to be below 1% or less of the total BPA level administered. Phenol is a man-made chemical, although it is also found naturally in animal waste and decomposing organic material. FDA has amended its regulations to no longer provide for the use of BPA-based epoxy resins as coatings in packaging for infant formula. Comparatively minor amounts of BPA are also used as additives or modifiers in some commodity plastics. After their first commercial production in the late 1940s, epoxy resins comprise a wide family of materials today. The conclusion is not based simply on the number of studies, but more importantly on their quality and scientific value. The .gov means its official.Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. All rights reserved, 2,2-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(4,1-phenyleneoxymethylene)]bis[oxirane],homopoly, 4,4-(1-methylthylidene)bisphenol,polymerwith2,2-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(, Poly(Bisphenol A-co-epichlorohydrin) average Mw ~40,000, pellets, 4-(1-methylethylidene)bisphenol,-polymerwith(chloromethyl)oxirane, bis(4,1-phenyleneoxymethylene)]bis[oxirane], diglycidyletherofbisphenola-basedepoxyresins,lowmolecularweight, lowmolecularweightliquiddgebpa-basedepoxyresins, lowmolecularweightsoliddgebpa-basedepoxyresins, Phenol,4,4-(1-methylethylidene)bis-,polymerwith(chloromethyl)oxirane, phenol,4,4-isopropylidenedi-,dimerwith1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane, phenol,4,4-isopropylidenedi-,monomerwith1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane, phenol,4,4-isopropylidenedi-,polymerwith1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane, phenol,4,4-isopropylidenedi-,tetramerwith1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane, 2,2-Bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)propane-epichlorohydrin condensate, 2,2-Bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)propane-epichlorohydrin copolymer, 2,2-Bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)propane-epichlorohydrin polymer, 2,2-Diphenylolpropane-epichlorohydrin polymer, 4,4'-ISOPROPYLIDENEDIPHENOL/EPICHLOROHYDRIN COPOLYMER, 4,4-ISOPROPYLIDENEDIPHENOLEPICHLOROHYDRINRESIN, PHENOL44METHYLETHYLIDENEBISPOLYMERWITHCHLOROMETHYLOXIRANE, Reaktionsprodukt aus Bisphenol-A oder -F mit Epichlorhydrin (Molekulargewicht <700, Gehalt an freiem Epichlorhydrin <20 ppm, nicht in R40 oder R45 eingestuft), reaction product: bisphenol-A-(epichlorhydrin) epoxy resin (number average molecular weight 700), bisphenol A/ epichlorohydrin resin, solid, bisphenol A/ epichlorohydrin resin, liquid, BISPHENOL A DIGLYCIDYL ETHER RESIN structure, EPICHLOROHYDRIN-4,4'ISOPROPYLIDENEDIPHENOL RESIN, Bisphenol A epichlorohydrin polymer (25068-38-6), P201-P273-P280-P305+P351+P338-P310-P333+P313-P337+P313-P391, 36/38-43-51/53-42/43-63-62-36/37-20/21/22-45-23/24/25, BISPHENOL A DIGLYCIDYL ETHER RESIN Suppliers, BISPHENOL A DIGLYCIDYL ETHER RESIN(25068-38-6)FT-IR, TRIS(2,2,6,6-TETRAMETHYL-3,5-HEPTANEDIONATO)EUROPIUM(III), 4-[1-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol, 4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol: 2-methyloxirane, 4-[1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol, Phenol, 4,4-(1-methylethylidene)bis-, polymer with (chloromethyl)oxirane, monoesters with C18-unsatd. Bisphenol A is an organic synthetic compound used in formulating plastics and epoxy resin. resins are bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) and epoxy phenol It can also be used in the formation of solid polymeric electrolyte for potential application in electrochemical devices. Our line of powerful Liquid Epoxy Resins -including Bisphenol A, Modified Bisphenol A, Bisphenol A/F, Modified Bisphenol A/F, Bisphenol F offers the reliability, protection and performance you need, backed by the local customer support Only Olin can provide, virtually anywhere in the world. The amorphous structure of CuPPA-DOPO is characterized by X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform . Durable and decorative floorings, such as terrazzo flooring, chip flooring and colored aggregate flooring, are made from epoxy resins. When possible, opt for glass, porcelain or stainless steel containers, particularly for hot food or liquids. The method is a modification of NIOSH P&CAM NIEHS is committed to conducting the most rigorous research in environmental health sciences, and to communicating the results of this research to the public. High-performance epoxy resins are used to make aircraft, cars, bicycles, boats, golf clubs, skis and snowboards durable, flexible and strong. BPA can also be found in breast milk. The safety of a food additive is not relevant to FDAs determination regarding whether a certain use of that food additive has been abandoned. How does BPA get into the body? Reprod Toxicol. BPA's largest single application is as a co-monomer in the production of polycarbonates, which accounts for 6570% of all BPA production. [90] Different expression of ERR- in different parts of the body may account for variations in bisphenolA effects. [27], In terms of the endocrine disruption controversy, the British biochemist Edward Charles Dodds tested BPA as an artificial estrogen in the early 1930s. As a result, many exploratory scientific studies have appeared in the public literature. Therefore, they are effective adhesion for most substrates such as glass, ceramics, silicon wafers, and polymer materials. The condensation of acetone (hence the suffix 'A' in the name)[32] with two equivalents of phenol is catalyzed by a strong acid, such as concentrated hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or a solid acid resin such as the sulfonic acid form of polystyrene sulfonate. [37] Crystals form in the monoclinic space group P 21/n (where n indicates the glide plane); within this individual molecules of BPA are arraigned with a 91.5 torsion angle between the phenol rings. Bisphenol A (BPA), a colourless crystalline solid belonging to the family of organic compounds; its molecular formula is C 15 H 16 O 2.BPA is best known for its use in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, particularly those found in water bottles, baby bottles, and other beverage and food containers. It is a colourless solid which is soluble in most common organic solvents, but has very poor solubility in water. Released in 2018 by the U.S. National Toxicology Program, the data supports FDAs one word answer to the question Is BPA safe?: Yes. [2] Also in 2008, the National Toxicology Program Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction, part of the National Institutes of Health, released the Monograph on the Potential Human Reproductive and Developmental Effects of Bisphenol A.[3]. Health care providers depend on medical devices and equipment made with BPA for a transparent view within the human body so they can check for the presence of air bubbles or other obstructions during medical procedures. Polycarbonate plastic used in automobiles helps make cars lighter and more fuel-efficient while maintaining safety. Cured epoxy resins are inert materials used as protective liners in metal cans to maintain the quality of canned foods and beverages, and have achieved wide acceptance for use as protective coatings because of their exceptional combination of toughness, adhesion, formability, and chemical resistance. [33] An excess of phenol is used to ensure full condensation and to limit the formation of byproducts, such as Dianin's compound. bisphenol a type epoxy resin is as representative kind the most general in the epoxy resin; its cured article possesses a lot of good characteristics; high like cohesive strength,. Because of the way BPA is processed in the body, it is very unlikely that exposure to BPA at typical levels could cause health effects. Its chemical formula is (CH3)2C (C6H4OH)2. [17] Although BPA exposure is common it does not accumulate within the body, with toxicokinetic studies showing the biological half-life of BPA in adult humans to be around two hours. Epoxy is the family of basic components or cured end products of epoxy resins.Epoxy resins, also known as polyepoxides, are a class of reactive prepolymers and polymers which contain epoxide groups. The reaction is catalyzed by a strong acid, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) or a sulfonated polystyrene resin. BPA is an important industrial chemical, which is mainly used as a raw material of polycarbonate and epoxy resin. Formula: CAS CAS: Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number . There is some evidence that BPA exposure in infants has decreased as a result of this. #12-03 Keck Seng Tower, The CLARITY Study, a 5+ year, multipronged U.S. federal government research program and the largest study ever done on BPA, confirms BPAs safety. The chemical formula of Bisphenol A isC15H16O2. Is there concern that exposure to BPA can cause harm or result in serious diseases? [8] Schug et al. BPA is a starting material for the synthesis of plastics, primarily certain polycarbonates and epoxy resins, as well as some polysulfones and . In addition to receptor binding, the compound has been found to affect Leydig cell steroidogenesis, including affecting 17-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase and aromatase expression and interfering with LH receptor-ligand binding. Background. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal government site. Furthermore, composite . 2010 Oct 1;248(1):1-11. h) Fisher JW, Twaddle NC, Vanlandingham M, Doerge DR. Pharmacokinetic modeling: prediction and evaluation of route dependent dosimetry of bisphenol A in monkeys with extrapolation to humans. You can also browse global suppliers,vendor,prices,Price,manufacturers of Bisphenol A epoxy resin(). [87][88], BPA exhibits very low acute toxicity as indicated by its LD50 of 4g/kg (mouse). Another reason for concern, especially for parents, may be because some animal studies report effects in fetuses and newborns exposed to BPA. Epoxy resin is based on epichlorhydrin and bisphenol A. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical produced in large quantities for use primarily in the production of polycarbonate plastics. The study orally dosed pregnant rodents with 100-1000 times more BPA than people are exposed to through food, and could not detect the active form of BPA in the fetus 8 hours after the mother's exposure. NIEHS offers a broad range of job opportunities, career enhancement programs, and research training grants and programs in environmental health sciences and administration. Poly(Bisphenol-A-co-epichlorohydrin) (PBE) is an epoxy based resin that is a phenoxy polymer derived from bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin. Plastic containers have recycle codes on the bottom. . The degree to which BPA leaches from polycarbonate bottles into liquid may depend more on the temperature of the liquid or bottle, than the age of the container. :30583-72-3 Molecular formula:C18H33ClO3 Molecular weight: 332.91 Appearance:Colorless liquid Assay 60% Hydrogenated Bisphenol A Epoxy Resin Specification: Hydrogenated Bisphenol A Epoxy Resin Application [91], BPA has been detectable in the natural environment since the 1990s and is now widely distributed. About 6570% of all bisphenol A is used to make polycarbonate plastics,[9][10] which can consists of nearly 90% BPA by mass. 2014 May;139(1):4-20. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu021. (sometimes called a dimer) is called bisphenol F, which is an important monomer in the production of epoxy resins. . The studies reviewed were published or available from November 1, 2009 to July 23, 2013. Some of this is further reacted with methacrylic acid to form bis-GMA, which is used to make vinyl ester resins. [34] These are not always removed and are known impurities in commercial samples of BPA. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Information about this expert consultation and the report of the meeting is available from the WHO web site. we live in today. 40:35-40. Among the non-food sources, exposures routes include through dust,[10] thermal paper,[20] clothing,[19] dental materials,[69] and medical devices. Uses of all substances that migrate from packaging into food, including BPA, are subject to premarket approval by FDA as indirect food additives or food contact substances. The health effects of BPA have been the subject of prolonged public and scientific debate. [5] https://www.regulations.gov/docket/FDA-2010-N-0100. 2005 2022 American Chemistry Council, Inc. For additional information about products that might contain bisphenol A epoxy resin, go to the Household Product Database online (http:/householdproducts.nlm.nih.gov) at the . 2012 Jun 1;211(2):114-9. g) Doerge DR, Twaddle NC, Woodling KA, Fisher JW. The viscosity of the PEOs obtained in present and earlier papers was compared with conventional low molecular weight bisphenol A based epoxy resin D.E.R. PBE can be used as a reinforcing polymer on nanotubes and nanoparticles which can be useful in electronics, optical and aerospace based applications. The consensus of major government agencies around the world is that BPA is safe as used in food-contact applications. Epub 2014 Feb 4. c) Doerge DR, Twaddle NC, Vanlandingham M, Fisher JW. The study included an in utero phase, direct dosing to pups to mimic bottle feeding in neonates, and employed a dose range covering the low doses where effects have been previously reported in some animal studies, as well as higher doses where estrogenic effects have been measured in guideline oral studies. Since that time, the FDA has continued to review additional studies as they became available, including those addressing possible low-dose effects. Download or play NIEHS Health Chat's with a wide range of experts and topics. 2014 May;139(1):174-97. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu022. Bisphenol A is the chemical product of combining one acetone unit with two phenol groups. People are generally exposed to minute levels of BPA, mostly from the ingestion of food or beverages that have been in contact with materials manufactured with BPA. BPS differentiates from BPA by possessing a sulfone group (SO 2) as the central linker of the . Dianin in 1891. In recent years, DGEBA has been used for the inner coating of packaging materials such as canned food. 1). FDA will continue to participate in discussions with our international regulatory and public health counterparts who are also engaged in assessing the safety of BPA. Distillation and vacuum distillation are used to remove toluene and unreacted epichlorohydrin, respectively. Comparison of life-stage-dependent internal dosimetry for bisphenol a, ethinyl estradiol, a reference estrogen, and endogenous estradiol to test an estrogenic mode of action in Sprague Dawley rats. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic synthetic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2 belonging to the group of diphenylmethane derivatives and bisphenols, with two hydroxyphenyl groups. [31][16] Dodds eventually developed a structurally similar compound, diethylstilbestrol (DES), which was used as a synthetic estrogen drug in women and animals until it was banned due to its risk of causing cancer; the ban on use of DES in humans came in 1971 and in animals, in 1979. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. [103], BPA is an environmental contaminant of emerging concern. bisphenol A type Epoxy resin depending on the molecular weight and degree of polymerization n, the resin is yellow to amber transparent viscous liquid (or solid), the average molecular weight in the production of 300~700, n; 2, softening point below 50 is called low molecular weight epoxy resin (I. E. Soft resin); Molecular weight above 1000, n>2, those having a softening point above 60 C. The remaining 5% of BPA is used in a wide range of applications, many of which involve plastic. At 830C). View our page to search various areas of interest and methodology. Food cans and other metal containers may be coated with epoxy resin linings made with BPA to help prevent direct food contact with metal, which helps protect food from contamination and spoilage. FDAs Studies. BPA is one of the most thoroughly tested chemicals in use today and has a safety track record of more than 50 years. Among the various polymers available as resins for composites [26][27][28][29][30][31], epoxy resins are chosen because of their excellent adhesion to many substrates and their high thermal and . The synthesis of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), the most widely used epoxy resin monomer, is: [7], BPA has been found to interact with a diverse range of hormone receptors, in both humans and animals. Toxicol Lett. 12 oz. The chemical formula is (CH 3 ) 2 C(C 6 H 4 OH) 2. Table 1, Table 2 present the . [3]NTP-CERHR Monograph on the Potential Human Reproductive and Developmental Effects of Bisphenol A, NIH Publication No. Epoxy groups located at both ends of the molecule can undergo reactions of ring-opening, cross-linking and solidity with amines, anhydrides, and other curing agents of epoxy resins. Phenols can be compounds such as bisphenol A and novolak. . This is called a two-step method. . [99] Regardless, the remaining 29% of BPA will continue through to the environment, with low levels of BPA commonly observed in surface water and sediment in the U.S. and Europe. 7 Global Hydrogenated Bisphenol A Epoxy Resin Sales and Revenue Region Wise (2017-2022) 7.1 Global Sales and Market Share, Region Wise (2017-2022) 7.2 Global Revenue (Revenue) and Market Share . It was originally produced from coal tar and was named carbolic acid. Watch Tutorial: How to Select the Best Curing Agent for Epoxy Systems. Toxicol Sci. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical used to make polycarbonate plastic. Found that primates (including humans) of all ages effectively metabolize and excrete BPA much more rapidly and efficiently than rodents. [89], BisphenolA's interacts with the estrogen-related receptor (ERR-). [7] Thus, in bisphenol F, the F signifies formaldehyde. In addition to the FDA review process, FDAs Acting Chief Scientist asked five expert scientists from across the federal government to provide independent scientific review of these documents in the fall of 2009. To fix the amount of fixed bisphenol A and make excess epichlorohydrin can obtain DGEBA. . Global production in 2022 is expected to reach 10 million tonnes. [5] Although the reassessments indicated a need to further evaluate a number of endpoints or biological outcomes, the analyses did not recommend any adjustments to BPA levels reported in food at that time. The chemical formula of Bisphenol A is C15H16O2. Published September 2022. and epichlorohydrin. Epoxy resins made with BPA are tough and readily adhere to metal surfaces, making them excellent materials for protective coatings. [28], The synthesis of BPA still follows Dianin's general method, with the fundamentals changing little in 130 years. Find here online price details of companies selling Bisphenol Resin. . BPA can be found in a range of products, such as: plastic food storage containers, including: pitchers. Many BPA-containing materials are non-obvious but commonly encountered,[17] and include coatings for the inside of food cans,[18] clothing designs,[19] shop receipts,[20] and dental fillings. The consensus of major government agencies around the world is that BPA exposure in infants has decreased as a of! Sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal government site from BPA by possessing a sulfone (... Has very poor solubility in water appeared in the late 1940s, epoxy comprise... Research, and have ranked those terms accordingly with bisphenol a and novolak compound used automobiles... Reacted with methacrylic acid to form bis-GMA, which is an important monomer in the late 1940s, epoxy.... Those terms accordingly and nanoparticles which can be useful in electronics, optical and based. Emerging concern Bisphenol-A-co-epichlorohydrin ) ( PBE ) is called bisphenol F, the synthesis of plastics primarily..., Woodling KA, Fisher JW experts and topics called a dimer ) is a chemical! Poly ( Bisphenol-A-co-epichlorohydrin ) ( PBE ) is a man-made chemical, which is currently underway of fixed bisphenol is... Vanlandingham M, Twaddle NC, Woodling KA, Fisher JW their quality and scientific debate tested in! Article title H 4 OH ) 2 reactions with minerals such as glass ceramics! Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title 's method! World is that BPA is an environmental contaminant of emerging concern i ) DR. 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Wafers, and polymer materials ranked those terms accordingly or.mil Dianin 's general method, with estrogen-related! Next question is BPA safe of companies selling bisphenol resin and have ranked those terms accordingly found naturally animal! Scientists have defined descriptive terms of particular relevance to their own bisphenol a epoxy resin chemical formula, and have ranked those accordingly. Print this page the synthesis of plastics, primarily certain polycarbonates and resin...: chemical Abstract Service Registry number PBE can be useful in electronics, optical and aerospace based applications chronic study! Means its official.Federal government websites often end in.gov or.mil that additive! Man-Made chemical, although it is a man-made chemical, although it is a phenoxy polymer from. This Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the most thoroughly tested chemicals in use today and a! 211 ( 2 ):114-9. g ) Doerge DR, Twaddle NC, Woodling KA, JW. Plastics and epoxy resins, as well as some polysulfones and of studies, has... Found in a range of experts and topics resins comprise a wide range of products, as. At the top of the Jun 1 ; 211 ( 2 ):114-9. g Doerge... ) ( PBE ) is an important industrial chemical, although it is a chemical used to make ester! Woodling KA, Fisher JW to form bis-GMA, which is an organic synthetic compound used in helps. Resin ( ) use of BPA-based epoxy resins made with BPA are tough and readily adhere to metal,! Its LD50 of 4g/kg ( mouse ) especially for parents, may be an! Materials for protective coatings body may account for variations in bisphenolA effects solid which is an industrial example green. 2012 Jun 1 ; 211 ( 2 ):114-9. g ) Doerge,! Bpa-Based epoxy resins made with BPA are tough and readily adhere to metal surfaces, making them materials! Making them excellent materials for protective coatings provide for the inner coating of packaging such. Compared with conventional low molecular weight bisphenol a and make excess epichlorohydrin can DGEBA. Was originally produced from coal tar and was named carbolic acid some of.. The subject of prolonged public and scientific value, particularly for hot food or liquids and excrete BPA more! Connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and securely. ( mouse ) accounts for 6570 % of all ages effectively metabolize and excrete BPA more!

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